Cultural Diplomacy in U.S.-Japanese Relations, 1919-1941

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xi

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2. Introduction: The Seeds of War

   • Jon Thares Davidann

   Pages 1-10

3. American Perceptions of Japan: Liberal Modernity or Feudal Militarism

   • Jon Thares Davidann

   Pages 11-25

4. Japanese Response to Orientalism

   • Jon Thares Davidann

   Pages 27-40

5. War Talk and John Dewey: Tensions concerning China

   • Jon Thares Davidann

   Pages 41-57

6. The Washington Conference, the Kanto Earthquake and Japanese Public Opinion: Victories for Liberals?

   • Jon Thares Davidann

   Pages 59-79

7. Immigration Exclusion

   • Jon Thares Davidann

   Pages 81-102

8. The Liberal Challenge: Responses to Immigration Exclusion

   • Jon Thares Davidann

   Pages 103-117

9. New Emperor, New Tensions in Manchuria

   • Jon Thares Davidann

   Pages 119-131

10. “Oriental” Duplicity or Progress and Order: The Manchurian Incident

    • Jon Thares Davidann

    Pages 133-157

11. “America Is Very Difficult to Get Along with”: Anti-Americanism, Japanese Militarism, and Spying, 1934–1937

    • Jon Thares Davidann

    Pages 159-177

12. “A Certain Presentiment of Fatal Danger”: The Sino-Japanese War and U.S.-Japanese Relations, 1937–1939

    • Jon Thares Davidann

    Pages 179-203

13. The March to War

    • Jon Thares Davidann

    Pages 205-220

14. Epilogue

    • Jon Thares Davidann

    Pages 221-223

15. Back Matter

    Pages 225-262

    PDF

This study explores U.S-Japanese relations in the interwar period to find that the seeds of the Pacific War were sown in the failure of cultural diplomacy and the growth of mutually antagonistic images. While most Americans came to see Japan's modernity as a façade, the Japanese began to group Americans with the warlike European powers.

• China
• Diplomacy
• Europe
• Japan

"The focus is on changes over time in public opinion in Japan and the US about each other and the bilateral relationship leading up to 1941 through analysis of the writings of missionaries, intelligentsia, academics, and reporters. Secondarily, the focus is on private diplomacy of these same groups conducted through organizations such as the Institute of Pacific Relations (IPR). On these topics, Davidann makes valuable contributions."

- Choice

"While there exist numerous studies of 'the origins of Pearl Harbor' and of mutual images across the Pacific, this book makes a new contribution by examining how these images influenced one another. No scholar has examined the English-language material in the two countries as thoroughly as Professor Davidann."

- Akira Iriye, Harvard University

"Jon Thares Davidann's valuable study of the 'unofficial' side of U.S.-Japan relations during the interwar era offers scholars a deeper understanding of the role played by private citizens and opinion-makers. In a highly readable narrative, Davidann offers a fresh cultural analysis of the gradual breakdown of relations that preceded the Pacific War."

- Emily S. Rosenberg, Department of History, University of California, Irvine and author of A Date Which Will Live

"Jon Thares Davidann skillfully applies the cutting-edge analytical approach in international history of exploring cross-cultural contacts to provide a deeper understanding of U.S.-Japanese relations between the world wars. Thoughtful and insightful, his examination exposes how skewed images private American and Japanese citizens had of 'the Other' helped make war inevitable in 1941. Demonstrating with clarity and power the impact of public opinion on foreign policy, Davidann concludes that nationalism ultimately poisoned the unofficial diplomacy that Charles Beard, Nitobe Inazo, and a host of other informal diplomats practiced during the interwar period to promote U.S.-Japanese cooperation." - James I. Matray, California State University, Chico

JON DAVIDANN is Associate Professor of History, Hawaii Pacific University, USA.

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